Articles on Oceans

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A black smoker hydrothermal vent at a wa­ter depth of 3,300 meters in the Log­atchev Hy­dro­thermal Field on the Mid-At­lantic Ridge. (Zentrum für Marine Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Bremen)

How the ocean’s hydrothermal systems made the first life on Earth possible

Researchers have discovered that chemical reactions in underwater hydrothermal vents could have produced the necessary ingredients for life on Earth.
Fishing boats leave Zhoushan, China, on Aug. 1, 2024. Many ships like these stay at sea for months, often far from home. Zou Xunyong/VCG via Getty Images

Global power struggles over the ocean’s finite resources call for creative diplomacy

The expansion of Arctic shipping, scramble for seafloor mining and overfishing are all straining international relationships. But the powers of diplomacy go beyond ocean treaties.
Phytoplankton blooms, seen by satellite in the Baltic Sea, pull carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere. European Space Agency via Flickr

Climate engineering would alter the oceans, reshaping marine life – new study examines each method’s risks

Some methods being tried to counter climate change shift the ocean’s biology or chemistry. Others would deflect solar radiation. All have consequences for marine life.

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