Articles on Evidence

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Claims about what “studies show” are often delivered with confidence, whether they are based on early-stage research or many years of study across populations and contexts. (Wikimedia Commons/Gwydion M. Williams)

When to trust the experts? Follow these guidelines to evaluate science on any topic

Science works through a process of revision. As consumers, we must learn how to evaluate how mature evidence is, and always remain flexible to new findings.
ExxonMobil CEO Lee Raymond, left, and other oil company heads testify about energy pricing and profits at a Congressional hearing in November 2005. Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images

Longtime Exxon CEO Lee Raymond’s legacy of climate denial and misinformation lives on – a psychologist offers ways to counter it

At the heart of combating misinformation is critical thinking and recognizing when you’re being spun for corporate profit.
Digital tools have transformed how violence is documented, allowing activists, journalists and families of victims to gather forensic evidence, yet legal systems still often sideline that grassroots knowledge. (Unsplash)

More evidence doesn’t mean more justice: The limits of visual technologies in human rights cases

The expansion of technologies has increased the documentation of violence. But it doesn’t always lead to justice since courts often exclude information gathered by families and communities.
A belief in ghosts could be a way to explain a strange experience while asleep. 'The Nightmare' by Johann Heinrich Füssli/Wikimedia Commons

Flat Earth, spirits and conspiracy theories – experience can shape even extraordinary beliefs

Conspiracy thinking, supernatural beliefs and pseudoscience can seem impervious to evidence. An anthropologist suggests the opposite: Extraordinary beliefs may be supported by an individual’s experience.

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