Articles on Medical history

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An undated photographic portrait captioned ‘Florence Buchanan’ in Lilian Adam Smith’s privately printed 1941 Buchanan family memoir. A Memoir of the Buchanan Family, National Library of Scotland, Acc.9446/400.

Florence Buchanan: the pioneering physiologist whose face was lost to history

Florence Buchanan helped transform the study of the nervous system, yet no authenticated portrait of her was known until now.
Some of the babies from by the medical school at the University of Otago were acquired from the Home of Compassion in Island Bay in Wellington. It was a home for foundlings who were abandoned, illegitimate and disabled children. Home of Compassion Archives

Medical museums often display infant remains – how they were acquired was frequently harrowing and involved eugenic thinking

The inequality, stigma and eugenic thinking that led to their acquisition is often obscured or erased.
Passengers on the the hantavirus-stricken cruise ship MV Hondius watch epidemiologists board the boat in Praia, Cape Verde, on May 6, 2026. AP Photo/Uncredited

From medieval plague ships to hantavirus: How outbreaks at sea helped to shape the international public health system

To stop the spread of infectious diseases, governments need information and other resources that countries around the globe share through international organizations.
Isabelle Dinoire, the woman who received the world’s first partial face transplant with a new nose, chin and mouth, in an operation on Nov. 27, 2005, addresses reporters on February 6, 2006, during her first press conference since the transplant. Associated Press

A stranger’s face? The unresolved questions of face transplantation 20 years on

Twenty years after the first face transplant, the procedure still carries profound unknowns about safety, identity and what it means to live in a stranger’s face.
Peruvian Syrup, containing cocaine, was used to ‘cure’ a range of diseases. Smithsonian Museum of American History/Flickr

3 drugs that went from legal, to illegal, then back again

Cannabis for religious purposes, cocaine in wine and heroin for coughs. These are just some of the ways illicit drugs have been used throughout history.

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