Articles on Mussolini

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Abortion rights protesters march against Trump’s deployment of federal troops to Washington, D.C., on Sept. 2, 2025. Jose Luis Magana/AP

Banning abortion is a hallmark of authoritarian regimes

Banning abortion instantly oppresses a huge swath of society. And enforcing abortion bans begets a police state − an upside for dictators from Mussolini to Ortega.
Elon Musk thanks Trump supporters with a ‘Roman salute’. Associated Press / Alamy Stock Photo

Elon Musk and the history of the ‘Roman salute’

When Elon Musk performed a gesture that many saw as a fascist gesture, his supporters claimed it was a Roman salute. So what’s the difference?
The breakdown of global order in the 1930s resulted in totalitarian leaders pulling the strings. Philippe Clément/Arterra/Universal Images Group via Getty Images

No, the world isn’t heading toward a new Cold War – it’s closer to the grinding world order collapse of the 1930s

Over the past 15 years, the world has seen a financial crisis, the rise of populist politics and a fracturing of the world economic order. Sounds all a bit pre-WWII, right?
The body of socialist leader Giacomo Matteotti is discovered on the outskirts of Rome on August 16 1924, two months after his disappearance. Archivio GBB/Alamy

The murder of Giacomo Matteotti – reinvestigating Italy’s most infamous cold case

One hundred years after the Italian opposition leader’s murder, documents long locked away at the London School of Economics could shed new light on Mussolini’s involvement in his death
A Ukrainian police officer is overwhelmed by emotion after comforting people evacuated from Irpin on the outskirts of Kyiv on March 26, 2022. History shows that wars launched for nebulous reasons generally backfire on those who launch them. (AP Photo/Vadim Ghirda)

Ukraine war: The history of conflict shows how elective wars ultimately fail

It’s difficult for regimes to galvanize public opinion or maintain people’s willingness to accept the sacrifices associated with a war waged for questionable reasons.
The Good, the Bad and the Ugly by Sergio Leone is a classic example of dubbed post-war European film. Pictorial Press Ltd/Alamy

The political history of dubbing in films

Governments could use dubbing to censor ideas they didn’t like or insert messages in line with their propaganda.
A Donald Trump supporter wears a gas mask and holds a bust of him after he and hundreds of others stormed the Capitol building on Jan. 6, 2021. Roberto Schmidt/AFP via Getty Images

What is fascism?

Given the current, often erroneous, use of the term ‘fascist’ to describe political movements and leaders, it’s important to determine what fascism is and is not.
Benito Mussolini’s bust and crypt in San Cassiano cemetery are a sensitive topic in Predappio, Italy. Saiko/Wikimedia

Can Italy deal with its fascist past?

Politicians hope that a “museum of fascism” in Benito Mussolini’s hometown can help the country face its demons. Historians aren’t so sure.

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