Articles on Ancient cultures

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Hatshepsut (c. 1505–1458 B.C.E.) was Egypt’s second female ruler. She often is depicted as a sphinx or wearing a beard, a traditional sign of pharaonic authority. G. Dagli Orti/De Agostini Editorial via Getty Images

Who was the first transgender person?

There is evidence of people who crossed gender boundaries even in ancient civilizations, though the terms naming them have evolved over time.
Khipu no. 780 at Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino, Santiago, uses almost 600 cords in complicated arrangements to convey information. Permission to reproduce image provided to the author courtesy of Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino.

The Incas used mysterious stringy objects called ‘khipus’ to record data. We just got a step closer to understanding them

A new study reveals the most complex numeric connection ever made between two khipus. It could help lead us to even more clues about ancient Andean society.
El Castillo pyramid illuminated at night under a starry sky in Chichen Itza, Mexico, one of the largest Maya cities. Matteo Colombo/DigitalVision via Getty Images

For the Maya, solar eclipses were a sign of heavenly clashes − and their astronomers kept sophisticated records to predict them

The skies and the gods were inseparable in Maya culture. Astronomers kept careful track of events like eclipses in order to perform the renewal ceremonies to continue the world’s cycles of rebirth.
A wall relief from the British Museum shows three scribes amid a military campaign of the Assyrian king Tiglath-pileser III, in Babylonia (Iraq). WikiCommons

3 reasons to study science communication beyond the West

All cultures have communicated their knowledge in diverse and marvellous ways throughout time. Failing to see the significance of this is racist and lazy.

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