Articles on Geochemistry

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Lava trails (pictured) from the 2021 Tajogaite eruption in La Palma. Marco Specht/Shutterstock (no reuse)

Why volcanic crystals are black boxes for tracking magma’s journey to the Earth’s surface

By observing the tree-ring-like growth records present in volcanic crystals, geologists are able to track volcanic activity and reconstruct the steps leading up to eruptions.
Ready for the Campaign (The Varangian Sea) (1910), by Nicholas Roerich, depicts Viking-era Scandinavian traders on the banks of the Dnieper River in eastern Europe. Heritage Image Partnership/Alamy

Vikings were captivated by silver – our new analysis of their precious loot reveals how far they travelled to get it

New analysis of silver items in the Bedale hoard reveals Scandinavians travelled to the east to trade much earlier than previously thought.
A panorama created from images taken by the rover Curiosity while it was working at a site called ‘Rocknest’ in 2012. NASA/JPL-Caltech/Malin Space Science Systems

Ancient Mars may have had a carbon cycle − a new study suggests the red planet may have once been warmer, wetter and more favorable for life

NASA’s Curiosity rover has spotted carbon-containing minerals that can tell scientists more about what ancient Mars’ atmosphere may have looked like.
A Martian meteorite in cross-polarized light. This meteorite is dominated by the mineral olivine. Each grain is about half a millimeter across. James Day

Meteorites from Mars help scientists understand the red planet’s interior

These rare rocks come in a few different types, which can tell geologists about Mars’ volcanic past and hint at its potential habitability.
Kimberlite volcanic rock with mantle crystals (green olivine and purple and orange garnet) and fragments of country rock (light grey).

We used to think diamonds were everywhere. New research suggests they’ve always been rare

Diamonds form alongside a distinct purple companion. We studied it to reach a conclusion about how rare they might actually be.
The ruins of the Temple of Victory in Himera, which was constructed to commemorate the first battle in 480 B.C. Katherine Reinberger

Teeth of fallen soldiers hold evidence that foreigners fought alongside ancient Greeks, challenging millennia of military history

Are the descriptions of war passed down by ancient historians accurate? A site in Sicily provided a rare chance to fact-check stories told about two battles from more than 2,400 years ago.
Working out where Aboriginal remains came from will in take researchers from several disciplines working together. Michael Westaway

Returning to country: we should use genetics, geology and more to repatriate Aboriginal remains

It’s not always easy to work out where Aboriginal remains came from, but science can help.

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