Articles on Constitution

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An oil painting of George Washington taking the oath of office as the first president of the United States on April 30, 1789, in New York City. Ramon de Elorriaga/Encyclopedia Britannica via Wikimedia Commons

How Christian nationalism played a role in incorporating the phrase ‘so help me God’ in the presidential oath of office

The phrase ‘so help me God’ is believed to be a part of the presidential oath ever since George Washington is said to have used it 236 years ago. Except, says a historian - there is no evidence of it.
The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada, Richard Wagner, at his annual press conference in Ottawa on June 3, 2024. He gave three reasons to explain the Court’s inaction in translating judgments handed down before 1970. The Canadian Press/Adrian Wyld

The Supreme Court of Canada is wrong to refuse to translate its pre‑1970 decisions

Three years after a request made by the Commissioner of Official Languages, the Supreme Court is still refusing to translate its decisions handed down before 1970. Its reasons are not valid.
Supporters of the African National Congress at its ‘victory’ rally in Johannesburg ahead of the 2024 general election. Zhang Yudong/Xinhua via Getty Images

Death of a liberation movement: how South Africa’s ANC became just a regular political party – with some help from Jacob Zuma

Never has the future of South Africa’s politics been more uncertain, but the one certainty is that the ANC’s standing as a liberation movement is dead.
ANC president Cyril Ramaphosa, centre, and his deputy, Paul Mashatile, right, help cut the cake at the party’s 112th anniversary celebration at Mbombela Stadium, Mpumalanga. Dirk Kotze/Gallo Images via Getty Images

South Africa’s ANC marks its 112th year with an eye on national elections, but its record is patchy and future uncertain

The ANC leans heavily on its liberation movement brand. But this will not necessarily be a determining factor in who will sway voters later this year.

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