DNA can survive in parchment for well over a thousand years.
Articles on Smallpox
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Smallpox DNA from two people buried in Chile reveals the virus’s arrival through European colonisation – but recreating it would require deliberate laboratory work.
New mathematical modelling shows the first smallpox epidemic among Aboriginal people in the Sydney region may have spread thousands of kilometres and lasted decades.
A smallpox epidemic in the 1830s brought a new and deadly disease to the southeastern frontier. Aboriginal people responded with three distinct techniques.
Polio may finally be defeated in the next 5 years. Will the world recognize what an extraordinary achievement that is?
USAID has a decades-long history of fighting smallpox, polio, malaria, tuberculosis and HIV.
The CDC was instrumental in eradicating smallpox, identifying the causes of HIV and encouraging Americans to get the COVID-19 shot.
When occurring in nature, mpox is mostly confined to the humid forest regions of west and central Africa.
Children are in danger of infections such as mpox because their immune systems are still developing.
New generation vaccines effective against mpox have a better safety profile. The biggest obstacle for Africa now is availability and cost.
The World Health Organization had declared mpox a global health threat in 2022 and 2024. While most mpox infections are mild, some can be fatal, and cases are spreading in Africa.
WHO’s declaration this week is not for a pandemic. The measures it triggers are designed to prevent mpox from becoming one.
Mpox is now readily spreading from person to person. It is mutating faster and the strains are more virulent.
The last significant outbreak happened in 2022.
Alaskapox was discovered in 2015 and has generally only caused mild illness – until now.
Victorian anti-vaccine literature shows that the fears and concerns remain largely the same today.
Eighteenth-century writers worried about “infectious air,” so they opened windows and built ventilation systems to bring fresh air indoors.
Countries have to weigh up the cost of vaccinating everybody versus the cost of treating the disease.
Chronic weaknesses in our global vaccine manufacturing and distribution systems may broadly be to blame.
There are two approved monkeypox vaccines in the US. Both use a related poxvirus called vaccinia to produce an immune response that protects against smallpox and monkeypox.
Top contributors
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Professor of Global Biosecurity, NHMRC L3 Research Fellow, Head, Biosecurity Program, Kirby Institute, UNSW
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Extraordinary Professor, Global Health, Stellenbosch University; South African Medical Research Council
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Regents' Professor & Chair, Medical Laboratory Science, Texas State University
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Professor of History, McGill University
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Professor in Vaccinology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town
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Professor Emerita of Biology, Indiana University
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Head, Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases
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Postdoctoral Researcher, Immunology and Virology, University of Cambridge
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Associate Professor, Melbourne Health
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Chancellor's Fellow, History of Medicine, Emotions and Modern British History, University of Edinburgh
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Chancellor's Professor of Medicine, Liberal Arts, and Philanthropy, Indiana University
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Associate Professor in Biomedical Technology, University of Southampton
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Dean of School of Sciences, Professor of Microbiology, Indiana University Kokomo
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Professor of Medicine, Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, and Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University
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Research Scientist and Clinical Professor of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Brown University