Armenia’s prime minister, Nikol Pashinyan, and the French president, Emmanuel Macron, attend a ceremony in Yerevan, Armenia, on May 5.
Vahram Baghdasaryan / Photolure / EPA
A police boat patrols the waters of the Moskva River near Red Square, which is decorated for the celebration of the 81st anniversary of the Soviet Union’s victory over Nazi Germany in World War II.
AP Photo/Alexander Zemlianichenko
Moscow’s influence is Eastern Europe has been slipping of late, including with the loss of a stalwart ally in Hungary. The battleground, as ever, remains Ukraine.
Donald Trump speaks during a meeting with European leaders in the White House on August 18.
Aaron Schwartz / EPA
Leaders in Ukraine and Europe are familiar with Donald Trump’s track record of meeting Vladimir Putin.
Azerbaijan’s president, Ilham Aliyev, and Donald Trump speak to the media after an agreement was signed by Armenia and Azerbaijan that seeks to end decades of conflict.
Nathan Howard / EPA
US presidents have long mixed economic incentives with diplomacy, but Trump’s approach represents something very different.
Azerbaijani president Ilham Aliyev, US president Donald Trump and Armenian prime minister Nikol Pashinyan join hands during a ceremony at the White House on August 8 to sign an agreement to end decades of conflict between the South Caucasus nations.
Abaca Press / Alamy Live News
Armenia and Azerbaijan take step towards ending the longest conflict in the post-Soviet world.
Nikol Pashinyan (left), prime minister of Armenia, and Azerbaijan’s president, Ilham Aliyev, in Abu Dhabi for talks on July 10 2025.
Azerbaijani Presidential Press Office via AP
There is speculation that Russia’s influence in the South Caucasus is waning – but it’s important not to judge things prematurely.
President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev arrives to attend the European Political Community summit at Blenheim Palace in Woodstock, Oxfordshire, in 2024.
PA/Alamy
The long-running conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan is stirring again.
Alexander Lapshin, centre, a Russian blogger detained by police in Belarus in December 2016, is escorted out of a plane in February 2017 by law enforcement agents in Baku, Azerbaijan after being extradited there by Belarus. He was later convicted of taking an unauthorized journalistic trip.
(AP Photo)
Alexander Lapshin’s experiences being detained and tortured for allegedly insulting an authoritarian strongman highlights the dangers faced by activists even in seemingly secure environments.
The president of Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev, presides over a military parade in Nagorno-Karabakh.
Stringer / EPA
Jose Caballero, International Institute for Management Development (IMD)
Russia has looked for new trading partners as sanctions bite, but also suffered a brain drain.
Photograph of historic town of Ani, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2016, one of the few cultural enclaves of Armenian origin in Turkey that has not been destroyed.
F. Camacho Padilla
Azerbaijan’s cultural genocide against Armenian heritage sites has long been overlooked by the international community.
A convoy of cars of ethnic Armenians from Nagorno-Karabakh flee the enclave for Armenia in September 2023 after the Azerbaijani military reclaimed full control of the breakaway region.
(AP Photo/Vasily Krestyaninov)
The collapse of the self-proclaimed republic ushers in a new reality in the South Caucasus. For Armenia, the first concern is how to accommodate the needs of 100,000-plus refugees.
Soldiers inspect lorries and cars as ethnic Armenians flee across the border from Azerbaijan.
EPA-EFE/Anatoly Maltsev
If Azerbaijan is not punished for its aggression against Nagorno-Karabakh, there’s every chance it will try to capture more Armenian territory.
Keeping up morale: Nato secretary general, Jens Stoltenberg, with Ukrainian president, Volodymyr Zelensky, after talks at Nato headquarters, September 28 2023.
PA-EFE/Sergey Dolzhenko
Violence has caused thousands to flee the Armenian-populated enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh amid anger over perceived lack of action from Washington or the international community.
Ethnic Armenians flee their enclave in Nagorno-Karabakh along the Lachin corridor.
AP Photo/Vasily Krestyaninov