Articles on India-Pakistan relations

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A member of the Indian Border Security Force stands guard near the India-Pakistan border. Narinder Nanu/AFP via Getty Images

India‑Pakistan ceasefire shouldn’t disguise fact that norms have changed in South Asia, making future de‑escalation much harder

Tensions in South Asia have been taken down a notch with news of a ceasefire – but the conditions for future escalations remain, and mechanisms for peace appear to have been diminished.
A mosque lies in ruins after an Indian airstrike in Muzaffarabad, the capital of Pakistan-administered Kashmir, on May 7, 2025. Zubair Abbasi/Middle East Images//AFP via Getty Images

Missile strikes and drone attacks heighten South Asian crisis ‑ 8 questions answered over the role of Pakistan’s military in responding

A terror attack in Indian-administered Kashmir in late April has seen tensions rise on the subcontinent to their highest level in decades.
The scene in Srinagar, in Indian-administered Kashmir, after an Aug. 10, 2021, grenade attack by militants that wounded at least nine civilians. Kashmir has experienced sporadic violence for more than seven decades, including three wars. Yawar Nazir/Getty Images

India and Pakistan fought 3 wars over Kashmir ‑ here’s why international law falls short to solve this territorial dispute

Kashmir has been in conflict since 1947, despite repeated UN and US interventions. An expert in security studies explains why international law has failed to keep the peace.
Protests followed the terrorist attack that killed more than 40 Indian military personnel in the disputed state of Jammu and Kashmir. AAP/Jaipal Singh

How the dangerous evolution of Pakistan’s national security state threatens domestic stability

Escalating tensions between India and Pakistan over the disputed Kashmir border are a stark reminder that the subcontinent is one of the world’s likeliest nuclear flashpoints.
Indian soldiers arrive at the wreckage of an an Indian helicopter that crashed on the Indian side of Kashmir on Feb. 27, 2019. AP Photo/Mukhtar Khan

Kashmir conflict is not just a border dispute between India and Pakistan

India and Pakistan have been fighting for control over Kashmir, an 86,000-square-mile territory in the Himalayas, for seven decades. But the people of Kashmir have their own political goals too.

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