For decades, Lebanon has been torn apart by internal division and external conflict. There may currently be a narrow window for a different future.
Articles on Middle East
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In the majority of cases, diplomacy has played a pivotal role in convincing nuclear-seeking nations to relinquish their pursuit of nuclear weapons.
The Islamic Republic has a history of targeting minority ethnic groups, especially the Kurds, when it feels threatened.
Fears about supply, demand, profits and supply chains all combine into a volatile mix that delivers prices that are often higher in a crisis, but also change more rapidly and by larger amounts.
International involvement must be limited to building up Sudan’s capacity to solve its governance problems.
If oil prices rise and stay elevated, consumers will seek better options. Could it accelerate the shift to electric vehicles?
Nonproliferation experts believe Iraq’s nuclear program went underground after Israel destroyed its reactor just outside Baghdad.
The closure of the Strait of Hormuz would have potentially devastating flow-on effects for oil supplies and prices in Australia.
‘Bunker buster’ bombs and Tomahawk missiles struck three targets, with President Donald Trump saying that Iran’s nuclear program had been ‘completely and fully obliterated.’
The GBU-57 Massive Ordance Penetrator is a weapon only the US can deploy – but it may have unintended consequences.
Tehran can utilize an army of proxy groups, intelligence operatives and cyberhackers as part of any retaliation for Israeli or US attacks.
Close to 100 scientists have been killed or abducted to stymie foreign nations’ nuclear programs since World War II. But the tactic has serious drawbacks as a means of countering proliferation.
Iran’s theocratic government is unlikely to collapse soon, but pressure is set to ramp up.
The Israeli government looks to be trying to topple Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.
While Iran’s proxy network of paramilitary groups has been decimated, it still have powerful friends.
All 3 nations have sunk costs and made promises that make it harder to find an off-ramp from conflict.
The Iranian military has been largely unable to prevent missile attacks and Israeli aircraft from entering its air space.
Strikes on nuclear facilities in Iran may increase Tehran’s belief that attaining nuclear weapons is key to establishing a deterrence to regime change.
Trump had good reason to try to constrain Netanyahu while nuclear talks with Iran proceeded, but Israel decided instead to try to behead the ‘octopus’.
US Ambassador to Israel Mike Huckabee suggested that a Palestinian state was not on the table anytime soon.
Top contributors
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Professor of International Politics, Clinton Institute, University College Dublin
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Professor of International Relations, Lancaster University
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Professorial Fellow, University of Canberra
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Professor of Peace Studies, University of Bradford
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Director of the Curtin Extremism Research Network (CERN), Curtin University
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Senior Lecturer, School of Social Sciences, UNSW
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Director of Dickinson Program in New Zealand & Associate Professor of Politics at the University of Otago, Dickinson College
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Professor of History and Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame
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Professor in the Department of Government, University of Essex
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Tony Walker AM is a Friend of The Conversation.
Director, La Trobe University
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Professor of Middle Eastern Studies and Public Policy and Director of the Interdisciplinary Studies Institute, UMass Amherst
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Research Fellow, Middle East Studies, Deakin University
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Adjunct Professor, Australia-China Relations Institute, University of Technology Sydney
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Honorary Research Fellow, Department of International Politics, City St George's, University of London
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Lecturer in Middle East Studies, Deakin University