Replacing windows and adding a heat pump in place of a furnace can save energy, reducing emissions. Tristan Spinski for The Washington Post via Getty Images

Carbon offsets can help bring energy efficiency to low‑income Americans − our Nashville data shows it could be a win for everyone

Insulating attics, replacing windows and adding heat pumps can save money and reduce emissions − if residents can afford the upgrades. Carbon-offset purchases by local companies could help.

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