• Distinguished Professor of History and Environmental Studies, Penn State
The Navy converted to oil from coal a few years before the U.S. entered World War I, helping to solidify petroleum’s strategic status. Naval History and Heritage Command

How World War I ushered in the century of oil

Before World War I, petroleum had few practical uses, but it emerged from the war as a strategic global asset necessary for national stability and security.
In 1945, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt met with King Abdul Aziz Ibn Saud, part of a behind-the-scenes policy to ensure access to oil for the U.S. and its allies. National Archives and Records Administration

Exxon’s Rex Tillerson and the rise of Big Oil in American politics

Big Oil has historically played a behind-the-scenes role on American policy and politics. No longer.
Protector in chief: Theodore Roosevelt with conservationist John Muir at Yosemite in 1906. U.S. Library of Congress

Who politicized the environment and climate change?

Historically, environmental causes enjoyed bipartisan support but gains by NGOs and the emergence of climate change as a social issue have created a sharp political divide.
En 2013, la plate-forme de forage pétrolier de la compagnie Shell en difficulté doit être remorquée. Aaron M. Johnson/US Air Force

Arctique : Shell part, les autres restent

Si Shell a renoncé à ses exploitations pétrolières offshore en Alaska, de nouvelles approches de forage émergent dans l’Arctique.

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